Reducing alcohol is absolutely simple. Any winemaker can do it and it takes just a few hours.
Without writing the full 1000 word essay, Reverse Osmosis is a system also used for filtration, that can be used to removed certain constituents parts from grape juice or wine.
In a wet year, the winemaker can remove water from grape juice, pre-fermentation, to make the juice and so wine more concentrated.
After fermentation, alcohol can be removed. Usually, the winery would completely remove the alcohol from a proportion of the wine and then blend it back into the remainder until they get the perfect balance. Obviously, if you removed X% from all your wine and then find it's too much, you can't put any back, so just treating a small batch gives control.
This is widely used in New World countries. Of course, the machinery is expensive and the producer needs to feel that high alcohol is a problem, but there are also companies that will take a batch of your wine and send it back sans alcool.
Don't get me started on the vileness of hot wines. Of course, if the rest of the wine is in balance with the alcohol, then 14% can be undetectable.
There is absolutely no excuse for selling nastily strong wine nowadays.
Having said that, the American public, apparently, likes its wine at 15-16%, and I've certainly seen people in supermarkets here buying wine because it's high in alcohol, almost seeming to think that this means it's better quality.
As I said, don't get me started...
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